Tobacco-pipe.



PATBNTED DEC. 19, 1905. G. W. JUSTUS.

TOBACCO PIPE.

APPLICATION FILED DEO.8. 1902.

I Vlg-f- WITNEEISEE UNITED STATES PATENT onirica.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 19, 1905.

Application filed December 8, 1902. Serial No. 134,229.

T0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. JUsTUs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Somerville, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement inTobacco-Pipes, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is anelevation of a tobacco-pipe made according to my invention. Fig. 2 is anelevation in section of the same. Fig. 3 is an elevation in section,showing the invention applied to a different form of pipe. Fig. I is anelevation in section of a cigar and'cigarette holder to which myinvention is applied.

My invention relates more particularly to the manufacture of pipes andsimilar articles for smoking-tobacco, such as cigar and oigaretteholders, in which part of the article is composed of a frangiblematerial, such as meerschaum, clay, rubber, amber, or a composition madein imitation thereof. In pipes and cigar-holders composed wholly or inpart of such materials it has hitherto been a frequent occurrence forthe pipe to break in the course of transportion from the maker to theretail dealer' or in the hands of the purchaser and user. Thesebreakages of the meerschaum, amber, or other material occur very easilyand in a manner that is annoying both to the dealer and to the user.Moreover,when broken it is expensive to make a satisfactory repair.

One of the objects of my invention is to provide a pipe or similararticle which shall have the advantages possessed by pipes made ofmaterials such as those above named and at the same time be less liableto breakage.

It is also my object to make an article which even though broken may yetremain useful in its broken condition and be readily repaired. It isalso my object to make a pipe which will give to its user a cool smoke,one which will color itself by use more quickly than pipes made in themanner customary hitherto and which will have the other ad vantagesinherent in the structure which I am about to describe.

I accomplish the purposes above set forth by constructing my pipe orcigar-holder with a central core of non-frangible material. This core issurrounded by the meerschaum, amber, or other material, which is to formthe exterior of the pipe or pipe-stem, the core being thus concealedfrom view, so that in the case of an opaque material, such asmeerschaum, it is not apparent to the eye that the stummel of ameerschaum pipe, for example, made according to my invention is notcomposed entirely of meerschaum. By this means I produce a pipe in whichthe beauty and other advantages of meerschaum and amber or whateverother material is to form the exterior are retained and theirdisadvantages largely eliminated. It is not essential that the centralcore be absolutely unbreakable; but I have used the Word non-frangibleabove in a relative sense, meaning that the core should have thequalities of stiffness and tenacity as distinguished from brittleness.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stummel, and B themouthpiece, of a pipe. In the pipe represented in the drawings thestummel is of meerschaum and the mouthpiece of amber, and forconvenience I shall speak of my invention as applied to these materials,although it is obvious that it may equally -well be applied to othermaterials. IVithin the stummel A is a core C, which is made, preferably,of aluminium, whichmaterial combines in itself the attributes oflightness, stiffness, strength, and tenacity. In the core is asmoke-passage or draw-hole D, running from the bowl to the mouthpiece,while surrounding the core is a body of meerschaum which constitutes theexterior and visible portion of the stummel. It is desirable to have thematerial surrounding the core united so closely to it as to bepractically integral therewith. This may be accomplished by fitting thecore and meerschaum close together and by the use of cement. In order tomake the structure even rmer, the bowl end of the core may be expanded alittle, as shown in Fig. 2, being reached for this purpose by aninstrument inserted through the bowl. The mouthpiece B also has a core Cwith a smokepassage D in it arranged to form a continuation of the holethrough the stummel. Any suitable form of connection between the stummeland mouthpiece may be used; but it is a particular advantage of myinvention that a iirm and rigid connection between the two may be madewithout imposing any strain on the meerschaum, amber, rubber, or othermaterial composing the pipe. At the point where the stummel andmouthpiece join, the core of each is provided with a screw-thread E, cutdirectly in the respective cores. Thus all strains comes on the stiffstrong material of the core, and the element of weakness frequentlyfound in some types of pipes as hitherto constructed is eliminated.Ithus obtain IOO IIO

a joint which is strongly wear-resisting, with the result that themouthpiece and stummel can be screwed up and joined tightly and lirmlytogether in spite of long usage, and this rmness also helps reduce theliability of breakage.

When thematerial which is to be used to surround the core istransparent, as in the case of amber, through which the core would bevisible, the exterior of the core may be colored, if desired, before theparts are assembled, so that its presence will be less noticeable, or itmay be colored to be more noticeable and made of such a color as to addto the beauty of the pipe. If it is desired to make a pipe with a curvedmouthpiece, a core made of soft or annealed metal may be employed, thecore and amber being together bent in manufacture into the shapedesired. The use of a core in the manner described also enables me toutilize small pieces of amber not long enough of themselves individuallyto form a mouthpiece, these pieces being placed side by side on the coreand held together thereby. A variegated effect will be obtained by usingclear and clouded pieces of amber alternately or by using amberalternately with other material. It is obvious that cheaper materialsthan amber may be substituted for part of the length of themouthpiece-for example, rubber or Celluloid-and I have indicated such inFig--A T'luepart l may be supposed to be Celluloid and the part 2 amber.

Referring to the structure shown in Fig. 2, it will be seen that bymaking the core of metal which is a good conductor of heat and making itrelatively large with respect to the entire diameter of the stem heatwill be conducted quickly away from the smoke-passage through the metalto the outside of the core, from which place it has to pass Athrough.only a relatively thin layer of the slow conducting meerschaum beforemeeting the outside of the pipe, where it is dissipated in the air. Thusthe heat is more rapidly abstracted from the smoke as it passes throughthe passage from the bowl to the smokers mouth than it would be if thestem were composed entirly of meerschaum. l

In Fig. 3 I have shown a modification in which the core is covered withmaterial only at the bowl end of the stumme] and at the mouthpiece, theintervening portion of the core being exposed to the air. In thisconstruction the cooling effect is evenl greater because of the exposureof the core to the air.

The smoke-passage through the core of the pipe may, if desired, beprovided with some form of cleaning means for cleaning the pipe, and inthe pipe shown in Fig. 3 I show such a cleaning device inserted. Theparticular form illustrated consists of a tube H of suitable size to litthe smoke-passage, adapted to be inserted and normally maintained inthat position. This tube is removable, a small notch 7L being providedat the mouthpiece end, so arranged that it can be engaged by thelinger-nail, taken out, cleaned by mechanical or other means, andvreturned to its place. This cleaning device, however, forms no part ofmy invention, and any other cleaning device that may be desired may beused in its place, the smoke-passage through the core being made ofwhatever shape is necessary in order to accommodate the particular formof cleaning device it is desired to use, or the use of a cleaning devicemay be dispensed with entirely.

When the material surrounding the core is to be meerschaum, I mayprovide the core C with a number of radial perforations F, leading fromthe smoke-passage to the exterior of the core. These perforationsconduct nicotin to the outside of the core, and thus give it access tothe meerschaum at points relatively near the surface of the meerschaum.

It follows that the coloring therefrom reaches and colors the surface ofthe meerschaumquicker than it does in pipes in which the body ofmeerschaum to be traversed is thicker. By spacing the perforations at alittle distance apart the pipe colors first opposite the severalperforations, thus acquiring a mottled appearance which is pleasing tothe eye and which, so far as I am aware, it has not been possible toobtain prior to my invention. If the mottled appearance is not desired,it may be avoided by arranging the perforations close together.

If a pipe constructed in the manner I have described receives a blowsevere enough to break the meerschaum, that breakage will not ordinarilybreak the pipe, for the core will hold firm. Unless the meerschaum bebroken into bits it will in spite of the fracture remain in place on thecore, and the pipe will not be damaged except for the presence of acrack. It is obvious also that in cases where a portion of themeerschaum is split otf the presence of this core assists in making arepair.

The invention which I have described applies to the construction ofcigar and cigarette holders, as well as to pipes, and it is evident thatas to materials it is not limited to the specific materials-meerschaum,clay, &c.- that I have mentioned, but that it is applicable to use withother materials as well, and also that it is not necessary to usealuminium for the core, but that any other suitable material may beemployed in its place.

I claim 1. In an article of the class described, the combination oftobacco-holding means; a stem therefor composed exteriorly of frangiblematerial; a core in the stem composed of lessfrangible material; amouthpiece composed exteriorly of frangible material; acore in themouthpiece composed of less-frangible material; there beingasmoke-passage through said stem and mouthpiece; and means to join thesaid stem and mouthpiece together, as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In an article of the class described, the combination oftobacco-holding means; a stem therefor composed exteriorly of frangiblematerial; a core in the stem composed of lessfrangible material; amouthpiece composed exteriorly of frangible material; a core in themouthpiece composed of less-frangible material; there beingasmoke-passage through said stem and mouthpiece; said cores being shapedand adapted to be joined together, thus uniting the mouthpiece and thestem.l as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an article of the class described, the combination of atobacco-holding means, and a stem therefor composed exteriorly of afrangible material colorable by tobacco, there being a core in the stemcomposed of less-frangible material and provided With a smoke-passageand with a multiplicity of perforations leading from the smoke-passageto the material surrounding the core, as and for the purpose set forth.s

4. In an 'article of the class described, the combination of atobacco-holding means, and a stern therefor, composed interior-ly of acore of material relatively impervious to the effect of tobacco andexteriorly of material 'colorable by tobacco; there being asmoke-passage through the core and a multiplicity of perforationsleading from the smoke-passage to the colorable material, saidperforations being located and arranged in the core at some distance onefrom another thereby to produce a mottled color in said colorablematerial, as and for the purpose set forth.

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, this 29th day of November, 1902.

GEORGE W. JUSTUS.

Witnesses:

EVERETT E. KENT, GEORGE MCANAUL.

